Automatic Identification Systems (AIS)
What is an automatic identification system (AIS) in shipping?
An Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a tracking system used in the maritime industry to monitor the location and movement of ships. AIS provides real-time information about vessel identification, position, course, and speed. It is essential for enhancing maritime safety and efficiency, aiding in navigation, and preventing collisions. AIS data is transmitted continuously, allowing ships and coastal authorities to track vessel movements.
How does AIS work?
AIS works by using very high frequency (VHF) radio signals to transmit and receive information between ships and shore stations. Each vessel equipped with an AIS transponder sends out data that includes its unique identification number, position (latitude and longitude), speed, course, and other relevant information. This data is picked up by other AIS-equipped ships and coastal base stations within range, which can then display the information on electronic charts or radar screens. The system operates continuously, providing up-to-date information on vessel movements.
How does AIS improve supply chain visibility?
AIS significantly enhances supply chain visibility by providing real-time tracking of vessels. This allows supply chain professionals to monitor the location and status of shipments, predict arrival times more accurately, and manage logistics operations more efficiently. Improved visibility helps in optimizing routing, reducing delays, and planning for port operations, thereby enhancing overall supply chain efficiency.
The data from AIS can also be integrated with other supply chain management systems to provide a comprehensive view of the entire logistics network
What are the limitations of AIS systems?
Despite its advantages, AIS has certain limitations. The system relies on VHF radio signals, which have a limited range, typically up to 40 nautical miles. Beyond this range, the data may not be received unless relayed by satellite AIS. Additionally, AIS data can be spoofed or tampered with, leading to potential inaccuracies. Lastly, AIS does not provide information on cargo specifics, only vessel details, limiting its utility in certain supply chain applications.